Fig. 10
Leading edge ionograms after pattern recognition

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(a) Oblique backscatter ionogram when the Es layer region of the mixed mode oblique backscatter ionogram is set to 0; (b) Oblique backscatter ionogram when the F-layer region of the mixed mode oblique backscatter ionogram is set to 0; (c) Oblique backscatter ionogram with only single-layer F mode processed by setting the Es layer region to 0; (d) Oblique backscatter ionogram with only single-layer Es mode processed by setting the F layer region to 0
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